Tlhaloso & Tšimoloho ea Chip
Chip - lentsoe le tloaelehileng bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa likarolo tsa semiconductor, li-circuits tse kopantsoeng, tse khutsufalitsoeng e le IC; kapa li-microcircuits, li-microchips, li-wafers / chips, ka lisebelisoa tsa elektronike ke mokhoa oa ho fokotsa lipotoloho (haholo-holo lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor, empa hape le likaroloana tse sa sebetseng, joalo-joalo) le nako le nako li etsoa holim'a liphaphatha tsa semiconductor.
Ho tloha 1949 ho isa 1957, prototypes e ile ea ntlafatsoa ke Werner Jacobi, Jeffrey Dummer, Sidney Darlington, Yasuo Tarui, empa potoloho ea sejoale-joale e kopaneng e qapiloe ke Jack Kilby ka 1958. O ile a fuoa Khau ea Nobel ea Fisiks ka 2000, empa Robert Noyce o ile a feta ka nako e ts'oanang,90, ea ileng a feta ka nako e ts'oanang.
Molemo o moholo oa chip
Kamora ho qaptjoa le tlhahiso e kholo ea li-transistors, likarolo tse fapaneng tse tiileng tsa semiconductor tse kang diode le li-transistors li ile tsa sebelisoa ka bongata, ho nka sebaka sa ts'ebetso le karolo ea li-vacuum tubes lipotolohong. Bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea semiconductor e ile ea etsa hore lipotoloho tse kopaneng li khonehe. Ha ho bapisoa le lipotoloho tse kopantsoeng ka letsoho tse sebelisang likaroloana tsa elektronike tse fapaneng, li-circuits tse kopantsoeng li ka kopanya palo e kholo ea li-micro-transistors ho chip e nyenyane, e leng tsoelo-pele e kholo. Tekanyo e phahameng ea tlhahiso, ts'epahalo, le mokhoa oa modular oa moralo oa potoloho oa li-circuits tse kopaneng li netefatsa ho amoheloa ka potlako ha li-circuits tse kopaneng tse kopaneng ho fapana le ho rala ka li-transistors tsa discrete.
Li-circuits tse kopantsoeng li na le melemo e 'meli e meholo ho feta li-transistors tse fapaneng: litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso. Theko e tlase e bakoa ke taba ea hore chip e hatisa likarolo tsohle e le yuniti, ho fapana le ho etsa transistor e le 'ngoe feela ka nako. Ts'ebetso e phahameng e bakoa ke likarolo tse fetohang ka potlako le ho ja matla a fokolang hobane likaroloana li nyenyane ebile li le haufi le tse ling. 2006, sebaka sa chip se tloha ho limilimithara tse 'maloa ho isa ho 350 mm² mme se ka fihla ho li-transistors tse milione ka mm².
(Ho ka ba le li-transistors tse limilione tse likete tse 30 kahare!)
Kamoo chip e sebetsang kateng
Chip ke potoloho e kopantsoeng e nang le palo e kholo ea li-transistors. Li-chips tse fapaneng li na le boholo bo fapaneng ba ho kopanya, ho tloha ho limilione tse makholo; ho isa ho tse mashome kapa tse makgolo a di-transistors. Li-transistors li na le linaha tse peli, ho tima le ho tima, tse emeloang ke 1s le 0s. Li-1 le li-0 tse ngata tse hlahisoang ke li-transistors tse ngata, tse behiloeng mesebetsing e itseng (ke hore, litaelo le data) ho emela kapa ho sebetsana le litlhaku, linomoro, mebala, litšoantšo, joalo-joalo Ka mor'a hore chip e sebelisoe, e qala ka ho hlahisa taelo ea ho qala ho qala chip, 'me hamorao e tsoela pele ho fumana litaelo tse ncha le data ho phetha mosebetsi.
Nako ea poso: Jun-03-2019
